International Journal of research in Educational Sciences. http://www.iafh.net/index.php/IJRES <h2 style="text-align: left;">A peer-reviewed journal published on behalf of the International Foundation for Future Horizons OU aims to publish outstanding and distinctive research that expands educational knowledge and its applications worldwide. The article was reviewed using a double-blind peer review.&nbsp;</h2> <h2 style="text-align: left;">ISSN 2585-6081 (print), ISSN 2585-6766 (online)&nbsp;&nbsp;</h2> International Foundation of the Future Horizons OÜ en-US International Journal of research in Educational Sciences. 2585-6081 <p>Creative Commons License: CC BY-NC</p> <p><strong>Creative Commons Rights Expression Language (CC REL)</strong></p> Psychometric Verification of the Endemic Disease Phobia Scale Among a Sample of University Students in the Jordan Society http://www.iafh.net/index.php/IJRES/article/view/521 <p>The study aimed to psychometrically validate a scale for measuring endemic disease phobia among a sample of students from Al al-Bayt University in Jordan. The study sample consisted of randomly selected 251 male and female students from Al al-Bayt University in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The scale used was the Endemic Disease phobia scale developed by Arpaci et al. (2020). Its validity was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis on the four factors, and the scale demonstrated good validity and reliability, indicating its potential use in clinical screening of students. The study found significant differences in the impact of demographic variables on Omicron phobia, with serum type and frequency of obtaining it being factors that influenced Omicron phobia. The study recommends developing specialized programs that focus on guidance, prevention, and treatment for individuals who are experiencing long-term effects of COVID-19 pandemic phobia. The study also recommends using the current scale, likely referring to a measurement tool or assessment instrument used in the study, for both research and diagnostic purposes.</p> Mahmoud Ali Moussa Mohamed Youssef Abdel Hamed Omar Atallah Al-Adamat ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-06-15 2025-06-15 8 3 41 70 Improving the performance of education leadership in North Sinai province in the light of digital leadership Approach http://www.iafh.net/index.php/IJRES/article/view/522 <p>The current research aims to improve the performance of education leaders in North Sinai Province by introducing digital leadership. The researcher used a descriptive approach. The study community consists of agents and school directors in the six educational departments of the province, a general manager, a director of management, and the head of a department who work in the education department of the rovince. The test was applied to a sample of 265 individuals. This study yielded several results, the most important of which is that the leadership of the education sector rarely holds meetings through digital platforms, and the organizational structure of the education sector does not meet the requirements of digital transformation. The inability to implement education management leadership digital monitoring of the performance of employees of educational institutions; education management leadership does not have a digital library. This study suggests that it is necessary to: (1) have sufficient willingness to achieve the transition to digital leadership. (2) The issuance of laws, legislation, and regulations that ensure the optimal application of digital leadership according to its proposed dimensions. (3) Provide diverse training programs while providing human expertise and competencies with educational and global expertise. (4) Allocate adequate budgets to provide an outstanding digital environment in education. (5) Full awareness among educational leaders of the importance of applying the dimensions of digital leadership. &nbsp;<strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</strong><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</strong></p> Doaa Elabd Gouda ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-06-15 2025-06-15 8 3 71 141 The role of interactive administrative leadership to improve the job performance for employees of North Sinai Directorate of Education in the light of strategic planning http://www.iafh.net/index.php/IJRES/article/view/528 <p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The Study amid to Determine the role of interactive administrative leadership in improving the job performance of employees in the Directorate of Education in North Sinai in light of strategic planning. The study Used the Descriptive analytical method. Study Population: All educational supervisors in North Sinai from various specializations and departments, with a questionnaire applied to a sample of (130) individuals. The Findings reveal that No statistically significant differences between the averages of males and females in the study fields. No differences between the responses of the sample members in the study fields. No statistically significant differences at the 0.05 level attributed to the job performance variable of employees in all study axes except for &nbsp;the importance of strategic planning in improving job performance. The study introduced some Recommendations as Activate the role of interactive administrative leadership in improving the job performance of employees. Create a suitable climate for the use of strategic planning. Conduct training courses and qualification programs to activate the role of interactive administrative leadership using strategic planning skills to assist employees.</p> Mohamad Elsayed Hamdy Elsayed Mansour ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-06-15 2025-06-15 8 3 143 211 Opportunities and Challenges of Integrating Artificial Intelligence Technology into the National Strategies of Arab Countries (Egypt as a Model) http://www.iafh.net/index.php/IJRES/article/view/530 <p>This study aimed to analyze the opportunities and challenges of integrating artificial intelligence technology into the national strategies of Arab countries, with Egypt as a model. The study relied on the descriptive analytical approach to analyze Egypt's efforts in employing artificial intelligence technology, and to explore the opportunities and challenges of integrating this technology into Egypt's national strategy. The study showed that Egypt is making great efforts in the artificial intelligence field, as it recently launched the second edition of Egypt's National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence 2025-2030. Also, the study showed many opportunities that enhance the use of artificial intelligence technology in Egypt, such as: enhancing Egypt's Vision 2030, enhancing digital transformation, and improving efficiency and productivity in various state sectors. However, the study revealed some challenges facing the employment of artificial intelligence and its integration into Egypt's national strategy, including the need to develop technological infrastructure, lack of specialized skills, global competition, and ethical challenges. To address and overcome these challenges, the study provided a proposed vision that included several main dimensions: enhancing awareness of the Community, infrastructure investment, encouraging innovation and entrepreneurship, training and developing human resources, and promoting research and development in the field of artificial intelligence.</p> Ahmed Mohamed Elmabaredy ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-06-15 2025-06-15 8 3 213 275 The effect of applying data mining techniques (Fuzzy-C model) to investigate the performance of Libyan students during using e-learning platform http://www.iafh.net/index.php/IJRES/article/view/541 <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>This research study presents a methodology to investigate the performance of learners in Libyan universities using e-learning platform based on data-mining algorithms and extract the challenges which act as barriers to improve performance of learner through e-learning platforms. Investigating these issues, data-mining technical is introduced. Clustering based fuzzy algorithm is applied to two data groups related to five groups of learners (two groups are neglecting) the three groups of data consist of (committed, non- committed, active) students, The number of learner visits to the platforms is measured, it were 4247, and after clean processing the samples it is reduced to 1288. The clean stage removed the hits which are formed from using the search-engine. Results showed that the non-committed learners had the smallest size this due to many factors such as the difficulty to use platforms for some learners, also there is the poor network connection. We could see that data-mining tools are effectively ways to investigating the problems in e-learning improvement.</p> Salem Msaoud Adrugi ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-06-15 2025-06-15 8 3 277 300 Rewriting Educational Narratives: The Historical Trajectory of Inclusion http://www.iafh.net/index.php/IJRES/article/view/542 <p>Inclusive Education has transformed the very attitude toward providing such equitize opportunities to the students, based on ability, gender, socio-economic background, or ethnicity. A history of the underpinnings of this inclusive education includes tracing the backhand exclusions that followed until developing fully integrated systems. Its scope around the world and regionally traces its journey in milestones and changing philosophical underpinnings alongside theoretical frameworks. Such knowledge is helpful in allowing significant matters in the policy and practice of education in the future.</p> Abdul Jabbar S Jarrar Ahamad ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-06-15 2025-06-15 8 3 301 316 The relative contribution of short video addiction to social anxiety among university students http://www.iafh.net/index.php/IJRES/article/view/543 <p>This study aimed to reveal the degree of relative contribution of addiction to short videos to social anxiety among university students according to the variables of gender, academic specialization, and duration of Internet use per day, and also aimed to detect the level of addiction to short video clips and the level of social anxiety and to know the most used social media platforms. Use the Short Video Addiction Scale and the Social Anxiety Scale. The study sample consisted of (350) male and female students from Al al-Bayt University who were selected in the available way. The results showed that the level of addiction to short videos was moderate, and the level of social anxiety was moderate. The results also showed that the "TikTok" platform is the most used to watch short videos and that the variables included in the prediction of the social anxiety scale are withdrawal and escape, anxiety and feeling lost, inability to control craving, and the duration of Internet use per day, which collectively explained (29.6%) of the explanatory variation of the social anxiety scale. The study recommends raising awareness about the mental health effects of short video addiction by promoting awareness programs that focus on improving moderate social media use.</p> Omar Atallah Al-Adamat Mays Anwar Al-Zaben ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-06-15 2025-06-15 8 3 317 357 Mixed Method Research Methodology: Foundations, designs and their applications in Foundations of education http://www.iafh.net/index.php/IJRES/article/view/544 <p><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Scientific research in the field of education has witnessed prominent developments, where its curricula, methods and orientations varied greatly, and were determined in two basic directions, namely quantitative research and qualitative research "how-to", educational research has been affected for a long time using the quantitative approach, and in the last quarter of the twentieth century a number of scientists and researchers began to criticize quantitative research and its philosophy, and its reference and methods of interpreting the results, because it provides partial results that do not reflect the reality of the educational phenomenon and do not contribute to the development of educational practices And began to talk about qualitative research "how" for being a more suitable alternative to the social sciences and humanities, but the opponents of qualitative research see that it lacks objectivity, and has emerged calls to mix quantitative and qualitative research to benefit from the advantages of each, so the mixed Method research appeared as an integrated approach to integrate quantitative and qualitative data in educational research, the current study aimed to determine the foundations and designs of mixed scientific research and its applications in the specialty of pedagogy, and the study reached several conclusions The most important of which are: Weak awareness of the concept of mixed research, its philosophy, designs and methodological procedures in Arab studies.</strong></p> Asmaa Abdel Fattah Nasr Abdel Hamid ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-06-15 2025-06-15 8 3 359 454  A proposed Teaching Strategy for Elementary School Students based on Productive Mathematics Discussion Practices http://www.iafh.net/index.php/IJRES/article/view/547 <p>&nbsp;The study aimed to develop a proposed teaching strategy for primary school students based on productive mathematics discussion practices according to the NCTM vision in its book "Five Practices for Organizing Productive Mathematics Discussions" in its second edition issued in 2018 and to determine its optimal application guidelines and implementation requirements. The qualitative approach was followed in building and developing the strategy by applying it for a month in Al-Faisaliah Elementary School in Hail. The study used three qualitative tools, which were participant observation, qualitative interviews, and audio and video recordings of the mathematics teacher and his 21 students. The study concluded with the development of the proposed strategy, which is a teaching plan that includes five teaching practices for organizing productive mathematics discussions implemented by the mathematics teacher according to five stages: anticipation, monitoring, selection, sequencing, and linking. the study also provided guidelines for the optimal application of the strategy and its implementation requirements. Based on these findings, the study presented a set of recommendations to the Ministry of Education and mathematics teachers, as well as a number of research proposals related to the study topic.&nbsp;</p> Khaled Fahad Alshammari Khaled Abdullah Almatham ##submission.copyrightStatement## http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2025-06-15 2025-06-15 8 3 455 501